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The essays in this volume illuminate a central topic in ethical theory: moral dilemmas. Some contemporary philosophers dispute the traditional view that a true moral dilemma -- a situation in which a person has two irreconcilable moral duties -- cannot exist. This collection provides the historical background to the ongoing debate with selections from Kant, Mill, Bradley, and Ross. The best recent work on the question is represented in essays by Donagan, Foot, Hare, Marcus, Nagel, van Fraassen, Williams, and others.

Dilemma. --- Ethics. --- Dilemma --- Ethics --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Decision making --- Logic --- Syllogism

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Mathematical logic --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Set theory --- Aggregates --- Classes (Mathematics) --- Ensembles (Mathematics) --- Mathematical sets --- Sets (Mathematics) --- Theory of sets --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Logic, symbolic and mathematical --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Syllogism --- Logique mathématique --- Théorie des ensembles

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Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Reference (Philosophy) --- 1 WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG --- Referring, Theory of --- Theory of referring --- Philosophy --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- 1 WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG Filosofie. Psychologie--WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG --- Filosofie. Psychologie--WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig, --- Philosophy of language --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig

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Completed in 1983, this work culminates nearly half a century of the late Alfred Tarski's foundational studies in logic, mathematics, and the philosophy of science. Written in collaboration with Steven Givant, the book appeals to a very broad audience, and requires only a familiarity with first-order logic. It is of great interest to logicians and mathematicians interested in the foundations of mathematics, but also to philosophers interested in logic, semantics, algebraic logic, or the methodology of the deductive sciences, and to computer scientists interested in developing very simple computer languages rich enough for mathematical and scientific applications.

Mathematical logic --- Set theory --- Logic, symbolic and mathematical --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Aggregates --- Classes (Mathematics) --- Ensembles (Mathematics) --- Mathematical sets --- Sets (Mathematics) --- Theory of sets --- Mathematics --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Syllogism --- Set theory. --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Théorie des ensembles. --- Logique symbolique et mathématique. --- Axiomatische Mengenlehre. --- Mathematische Logik. --- Mengenlehre. --- Verzamelingen (wiskunde). --- Teoria Dos Conjuntos. --- Théorie des ensembles

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This volume contains abridged versions of most of the sectional talks and some invited lectures given at the International Conference on Fundamentals of Computation Theory held at Kazan State University, Kazan, USSR, June 22-26, 1987. The conference was the sixth in the series of FCT Conferences organized every odd year, and the first one to take place in the USSR. FCT '87 was organized by the Section of Discrete Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences in the USSR, the Moscow State University (Department of Discrete Mathematics), and the Kazan State University (Department of Theoretical Cybernetics). This volume contains selected contributions to the following fields: Mathematical Models of Computation, Synthesis and Complexity of Control Systems, Probabilistic Computations, Theory of Programming, Computer-Assisted Deduction. The volume reflects the fact that FCT '87 was organized in the USSR: A wide range of problems typical of research in Mathematical Cybernetics in the USSR is comprehensively represented.

Computer science --- 681.3*B1 --- 681.3*F0 --- 681.3*H0 --- Control structures and microprogramming--(hardware) --- Computerwetenschap--?*F0 --- Computerwetenschap--?*H0 --- 681.3*B1 Control structures and microprogramming--(hardware) --- Computer science. --- Computer network architectures. --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. --- Computer software. --- Combinatorics. --- Computation by Abstract Devices. --- Computer System Implementation. --- Mathematical Logic and Foundations. --- Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity. --- Mathematical Logic and Formal Languages. --- Combinatorics --- Algebra --- Mathematical analysis --- Software, Computer --- Computer systems --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Architectures, Computer network --- Network architectures, Computer --- Computer architecture --- Informatics --- Science --- Informatique --- Mathématiques --- Mathématiques.